A standardized architectural template that provides proven structural frameworks and design patterns for building scalable, resilient enterprise applications, establishing shared vocabulary and best practices across development teams.
Semantic Classification
Content
Common Patterns
- Layered (n-tier) architecture
- Microservices architecture
- Event-driven architecture
- Serverless architecture
- Domain-driven design
Frameworks
- TOGAF for enterprise architecture
- Azure Well-Architected Framework
- Martin Fowler enterprise patterns (2003)
- Netflix microservices as reference model
- AWS reference architectures
Current Landscape (2026)
- The Khronos Group and OpenXR Working Group ratified the Spatial Entities Extensions (baseline XR_EXT_spatial_entities) in June 2025 as part of OpenXR 1.1, establishing the first open reference standard for spatial computing with spatial anchors, plane and marker tracking, and cross-session persistence across XR runtimes.
- IEEE 2874-2025, the Spatial Web Protocol, Architecture and Governance standard, was approved in May 2025, defining an interoperable reference model (built on ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010 and the IEEE 7000 series) via the Hyperspace Modelling Language (HSML) and Hyperspace Transaction Protocol (HSTP) to anchor AI agents, robots and IoT to a shared world model.
- OGC GeoPose 1.0 (OGC 21-056r11) became a normative reference within IEEE 2874-2025, so every HSML entity is spatially bounded by a GeoPose, tightening the coupling between geospatial positioning and spatial-computing reference architectures for digital twins and physical AI.
- ETSI’s Augmented Reality Framework (ARF) advanced a graph-based reference model that separates a real-world “world graph” from the virtual scene graph, presented at the Metaverse Standards Forum’s interoperable-anchoring webinar (30 April 2025) alongside open-source Unity editors and world-analysis modules.
- Khronos and OGC announced the experimental KHR_gaussian_splatting and KHR_gaussian_splatting_compression_spz glTF extensions at SIGGRAPH 2025 (August), with collaborators including Niantic Spatial, Cesium and Esri, giving 3D-capture and spatial-AI pipelines an interoperable web-native asset path.
- The Metaverse Standards Forum, now coordinating a coalition of roughly 2,600 members across Khronos, W3C and OGC, is driving the Open Metaverse Browser Initiative (OMBI) reference model around a Scene Object Model, the proposed SMAP service protocol and glTF (an ISO/IEC standard) as the portable asset baseline.
- Open challenges as of 2026 remain the lack of a single shared coordinate/semantic reference across ecosystem-specific anchors, moving experimental extensions (Gaussian Splats, cross-platform ML inferencing) from community-input phase to ratified specs with conformance suites, and reconciling parallel reference stacks (OpenXR/glTF vs IEEE Spatial Web vs 3GPP edge spatial-computing work in TR 26.819).
References
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- DEVELOP3D (2025). Spatial Entities Extensions released by Khronos and OpenXR. https://develop3d.com/vr-ar-mr/spatial-entities-extensions-released-by-khronos-and-openxr/
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- GeoRoundtable / OGC (2025). IEEE 2874-2025 Spatial Web, GeoPose and the open geospatial ecosystem (GeoPose Summit 2025). https://georoundtable.xyz/spatial-web-to-the-open-geospatial-consortium
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- Metaverse Standards Forum (2025). Towards Interoperable Anchoring for XR (ETSI ARF webinar). https://metaverse-standards.org/uncategorized/towards-interoperable-anchoring-for-xr/
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- Let’s Data Science (2026). Khronos Presents Open Standards Roadmap at SIGGRAPH Asia 2025. https://letsdatascience.com/news/khronos-presents-open-standards-roadmap-at-siggraph-asia-202-ebff0720
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- Open Metaverse Browser Initiative / Metaverse Standards Forum (2026). Open Standards for the Metaverse. https://omb.wiki/standards