Autonomous Vehicle

An Autonomous Vehicle is a self-driving vehicle capable of navigating and operating without human intervention, employing artificial intelligence for perception, localisation, path planning, motion control, and decision-making. Autonomous vehicles integrate sensor fusion, computer vision, deep learning, and control algorithms to achieve SAE automation levels ranging from Level 1 (driver assistance) to Level 5 (full automation).

Semantic Classification

Content

• An Autonomous Vehicle is a self-driving vehicle capable of navigating and operating without human intervention, employing artificial intelligence for perception, localisation, path planning, motion control, and decision-making. Autonomous vehicles integrate sensor fusion, computer vision, deep learning, and control algorithms to achieve SAE automation levels ranging from Level 1 (driver assistance) to Level 5 (full automation).

  Core Characteristics

• Sensor Fusion: Integration of camera, lidar, radar, and GPS data

• Perception System: Object detection, tracking, and scene understanding

• Localisation: Precise positioning using SLAM and HD maps

• Path Planning: Route planning and trajectory optimisation

• Motion Control: Steering, acceleration, and braking control

• Decision Making: Real-time tactical and strategic driving decisions

  Applications

  1. Passenger Transportation: Robotaxis, autonomous shuttles
  2. Freight and Logistics: Autonomous trucks, delivery vehicles
  3. Public Transit: Autonomous buses, metro systems
  4. Agricultural Automation: Autonomous tractors, harvesters
  5. Mining and Construction: Autonomous heavy machinery
  6. Last-Mile Delivery: Autonomous delivery robots
  7. Parking Automation: Valet parking systems
  8. Military and Defence: Unmanned ground vehicles

  Key Literature

  1. Paden, B., et al. (2016). “A survey of motion planning and control techniques for self-driving urban vehicles.” IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles, 1(1), 33-55.

  2. Badue, C., et al. (2021). “Self-driving cars: A survey.” Expert Systems with Applications, 165, 113816.

  3. SAE International (2021). “Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles.” SAE J3016.

  4. Grigorescu, S., et al. (2020). “A survey of deep learning techniques for autonomous driving.” Journal of Field Robotics, 37(3), 362-386.

  See Also

• Self Driving Car

• ADAS

• Perception System

• Sensor Fusion

• Path Planning

Provenance