A signal amplifier is an electronic circuit that increases the power, voltage, or current of a weak signal while ideally preserving its waveform. In sensing applications it boosts low-amplitude transducer outputs above the noise floor so they can be digitised, with gain, bandwidth, noise figure, and linearity as key parameters. It is an essential front-end component of sensors and biosignal acquisition systems.
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- Low-noise and instrumentation amplifiers are chosen for microvolt-level biosignals, where common-mode rejection and input impedance dominate design. Trade-offs among gain, bandwidth, and noise figure determine how faithfully faint transducer outputs survive digitisation and downstream processing.