National competitiveness is the set of policies, institutions, and capabilities that determine a country’s level of productivity and its ability to sustain growth in an open global economy. In a technology context it captures how strategic investment in research, talent, and digital infrastructure positions a nation relative to others. Technology adoption is widely treated as a primary driver because it raises productivity and creates spillover advantages.
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- Standard frameworks decompose competitiveness into factor inputs, innovation capacity, and institutional quality. Governments treat AI and convergent-technology uptake as levers because they compound across sectors, but realising the gains depends on complementary skills, regulation, and infrastructure rather than technology alone.