A Layer 2 Security Council is a designated multi-signature governance body empowered to take privileged actions on a Layer 2 rollup, such as pausing the bridge, executing emergency upgrades, or resolving stuck states during the maturation period before fully trustless operation. It typically comprises a quorum of independent signers from distinct organisations to mitigate single-party capture. The construct trades some decentralisation for the ability to respond rapidly to critical vulnerabilities.
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- Security councils are common in optimistic and zero-knowledge rollups during their training-wheels phase. Action thresholds, signer diversity requirements, and time-locked execution are tuned to balance rapid incident response against the risk of governance capture.