A technique for recording and reconstructing the full wavefront of light, including both amplitude and phase, to reproduce three-dimensional images. It records the interference pattern between a reference beam and light scattered from an object.
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- Holography was developed by Dennis Gabor, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1971 for the invention. It captures phase information that ordinary photography discards, which is why a hologram can present different views of a scene as the observer moves.
- Optical holography records interference patterns on a photosensitive medium, while digital holography captures them on an image sensor and reconstructs the wavefront numerically. The latter underpins research into holographic displays and microscopy.