A Geographic Information System (GIS) is an integrated framework for capturing, storing, managing, analysing and visualising data that is referenced to locations on the Earth’s surface. It combines spatial databases, coordinate systems and analytical operations to model geographic phenomena and answer questions about place, distance, pattern and relationship. GIS underpins applications ranging from urban planning and environmental monitoring to logistics and emergency response.
Overview
- Spatial Computing provides the broader context within which Geographic Information System sits.
- Geographic Information System is treated here as a member of the spatial-computing domain at mature maturity.
- It is referenced across the knowledge graph by classes that depend on or compose it, making it a central node that warranted an explicit definition.
Key aspects
- It comprises Spatial Database.
- It comprises Coordinate System.
- It comprises Mapping.
- It requires Data Management.
- It makes use of Remote Sensing.
- It makes use of Sensor.
- It makes use of Data Analytics.
Mechanisms
- Geographic Information System operates by combining its constituent parts into a coherent capability that other classes can rely upon.
- Its guarantees and behaviours are realised through the dependencies and standards captured in the relations below.
Applications
- Enables and supports Environmental Monitoring.
- Enables and supports Digital Twin.
- Enables and supports Data Analytics.