Gasper Consensus is Ethereum’s Proof-of-Stake consensus protocol, combining Casper FFG (Friendly Finality Gadget) as a finality mechanism with LMD GHOST (Latest Message Driven Greedy Heaviest Observed Subtree) as the fork choice rule. Validators stake ETH directly and attest to blocks in each epoch; Casper FFG provides economic finality by requiring two-thirds supermajority agreement, while LMD GHOST guides validators towards the heaviest chain, resolving short-lived forks without full finalisation delay.
Gasper Consensus is Ethereum’s Proof-of-Stake consensus protocol, combining Casper FFG as a finality gadget with LMD GHOST as the fork choice rule. Validators stake ETH directly and attest to blocks each epoch; Casper FFG provides economic finality via two-thirds supermajority while LMD GHOST resolves short-lived forks by selecting the heaviest chain.