A decentralised application (dApp) is software whose backend logic runs on a decentralised peer-to-peer network, typically as smart contracts on a blockchain, rather than on centrally controlled servers. It combines on-chain contracts for trustless state and logic with off-chain front ends and storage. dApps are a defining component of Web3, enabling permissionless, censorship-resistant services such as exchanges, lending and marketplaces.
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- A dApp’s trust-critical logic and state live on-chain in Smart Contract code, while user interfaces and bulk data sit off-chain. This architecture yields permissionless access and censorship resistance at the cost of latency, gas fees and the immutability of deployed contracts.